Knee cap replacement, also known as patellofemoral arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to treat severe knee cap damage or arthritis. This procedure involves replacing the damaged cartilage and bone of the kneecap with an artificial implant. While less common than total knee replacement, knee cap replacement can provide significant pain relief and improved function for patients with eligible conditions.
Causes of Knee Cap Damage
Several factors can contribute to knee cap damage, including:
Injury: Direct trauma, such as a fall or sports injury, can lead to fractures or dislocations of the kneecap.
Osteoarthritis: Degenerative arthritis can affect the cartilage beneath the kneecap, causing pain and stiffness.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome: This condition, often referred to as «runner’s knee,» occurs when the kneecap misaligns or rubs against the femur.
Rheumatoid arthritis: An autoimmune disease that can cause inflammation and damage to the joints, including the knee.
Symptoms of Knee Cap Damage
Patients with knee cap damage may experience the following symptoms:
Pain: Aching or sharp pain in the front of the knee, especially when bending or straightening the leg.
Swelling: Swelling around the knee joint.
Stiffness: Difficulty bending or straightening the knee.
Grinding or popping sensations: A feeling of something «catching» in the knee joint.
Weakness: Difficulty walking or climbing stairs.
When to Consider Knee Cap Replacement
If conservative treatments such as physical therapy, medication, or bracing fail to provide adequate relief, knee cap replacement may be considered. Candidates for this procedure typically have severe knee cap damage or arthritis that significantly interferes with daily activities.
The Knee Cap Replacement Procedure
Knee cap replacement surgery is typically performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision on the front of the knee and removes the damaged kneecap. An artificial implant, usually made of metal or plastic, is then inserted in its place. The implant is secured to the femur and tibia using screws or wires.
Recovery from Knee Cap Replacement
Recovery from knee cap replacement surgery typically involves several weeks of rehabilitation. Patients may need to use crutches or a walker for a period of time. Physical therapy is essential for regaining strength, flexibility, and range of motion in the knee.
Benefits of Knee Cap Replacement
Knee cap replacement can offer several benefits, knee cap replacement including:
Pain relief: Significant reduction in knee pain.
Improved function: Increased ability to perform daily activities, such as walking, climbing stairs, and squatting.
Improved quality of life: Enhanced overall well-being and reduced disability.
Risks and Complications
As with any surgical procedure, knee cap replacement carries some risks and potential complications. These may include:
Infection: Infection of the surgical wound.
Blood clots: Formation of blood clots in the legs.
Loosening of the implant: The implant may become loose over time.
Nerve damage: Damage to nerves in the knee area.
Knee cap replacement can be an effective treatment option for patients with severe knee cap damage or arthritis. While it may not be suitable for everyone, it can provide significant pain relief and improved quality of life for those who are eligible. If you are experiencing knee cap pain or discomfort, it is important to consult with an orthopedic surgeon to discuss your treatment options.